You can order your finance paper from our academic writing service and get 100% original work from competent finance experts. 5 Which countries have an authoritarian government? Students face a lot of pressure and barely have enough time to do what they love to do. Democracy Political system in which government is by the people, exercised either directly or through elected representatives. Most Latin American countries are now genuine multiparty democracies. Do you have responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your assignment on time? We find religious totalitarianism in places like Iran and Saudi Arabiathough recent developments in Saudi Arabia suggest that that country may be headed in a new direction. How is secularism a form of totalitarianism? The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. We would not take the risk of submitting plagiarized work and jeopardize your academic journey. We understand that papers that are submitted late have some points deducted. In fact, we recommend using our assignment help services for consistent results. We NEVER share any customer information with third parties. While democracies pride themselves on the way people can form and express their own reactions to the government, people who live in totalitarian regimes must agreeat least, on the surfacewith everything the government says, does, and requires. Similarly, South Korea, Taiwan, and the Philippines have all become functioning democracies, as has Indonesia. Totalitarianism is an extreme version of authoritarianism. Is it easy to get an internship at Microsoft? In the Russia of Vladimir Putin, for example, elections are still held, people compete through the ballot box for political office, and the independent press does not always tow the official line. Tribal totalitarianism occurs when a political party that represents the interests of a particular tribe (and not always the majority tribe) monopolizes power. Totalitarian governments could arguably be considered the theological opposite of democratic governments, in which the power is vested in the people. Whichever your reason is, it is valid! Literacy rates in the tribal areas, which were semi-autonomous until 2018 when they merged with the neighboring province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, are among the lowest in Pakistan as a result of . A totalitarian government places a high value on the supremacy of a small group of people over the larger population. Additionally, a religious totalitarian organization will attempt to eradicate other religions via sometimes violent means. You communicate with the writer and know about the progress of the paper. Do you struggle with finance? Last resort, if the above does not work, we will refund your money. It was apparently named after a conference room at the BBC where George Orwell had to sit through tedious meetings. What are the major forms of totalitarianism? It is an ideal type of governing notion, and as such, it cannot be realised perfectly. Why does an increase in the price level lead to the real balances effect? But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Quiz_ M1_ N'l Diff Quiz in Political, Economic, & Legal Systems Quiz.pdf, GSBS6003 Lecture 4 - PSB - Political economy & country risk - on BB, Ch 02 - National Differences in Political, Economics and Legal Systems.pptm, Dadabhoy Institute of Higher Education, Millenium Campus, Copy of Topic 8.4 - Rise & Decline of Communist Regimes.pdf, CRM 2.4 - English 4_Honors - INFORMATIONAL CULMINATING TASK.pdf, Chapter_8.2_Questionable_Consideration-Vocab_and_Questions MT copy copy.docx, This includes extract load and transform ELT a variant of ETL in which data is, The individual should NOT be permitted to commence work until their immigration, The student composed an original song but there are some elements that are not, Which of these statements concerning the normal pathway of blood flow is NOT, THE RISE OF INDUSTRIAL AMERICA 1865 1900 325 Edison and Westinghouse Possibly, the balance sheet a Purchase of office furniture on credit b Payment of bank. 8 How is secularism a form of totalitarianism? At this point total overhead costs amounted to 560,000. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. They might be described as imperfect or pseudo- democracies, where authoritarian elements have captured some or much of the machinery of state and use this in an attempt to deny basic political and civil liberties. TOTALITARIANISM IN ZIMBABWE: Last month I blogged about authoritarian crackdowns during Gulf War II. 3 Tribal Totalitarianism 4 Social Democracy Representative Democracy 2 Communist Totalitarianism 5 Theocratic Totalitarianism 6 Right-Wing Totalitarianism Match each of the options above to the items below. In 1968, French analyst and philosopher Raymond Aron created his own list. He describes democracy as a system of government with four key elements: i) A system for choosing and replacing the government through free and fair elections; ii) Active participation of the people, as citizens, in politics and civic life; iii) Protection of the human rights of all citizens; and iv) A rule of law in . We can identify three broad types of economic systemsa market economy, a command economy, and a mixed economy. What threatened the government of the United States since then was the Bolivarian dynamic set in motion by the election of Hugo Chvez as president of Venezuela that year. Dr. Arendt derives modern totalitarianism from three currents--anti-Semitism, overseas imperialism with its undermining of the nation-state, and tribal nationalism. The tribe is a political system that has survived within the epoch of the nation -state. How to Market Your Business with Webinars? : not democratic : not agreeing with democratic practice or ideals. Proposals would create 'worldwide totalitarian medical and scientific police state' Meeting in Geneva between Jan. 9-13, the WHO's IHR Review Committee worked to develop "technical recommendations to the [WHO's] Director-General on amendments proposed by State Parties to the IHR," according to a WHO document. You determine when you get the paper by setting the deadline when placing the order. 4 A System of Terror and Constant War. The European Theatre of World War II stretched across the entire continent, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Ural Mountains. Four different kinds of cryptocurrencies you should know. Faced with the brutal reality of paradigmatic cases like Stalin's USSR and Nazi Germany, philosophers, political theorists . Totalitarian governments do not accept any self-led activities, either those performed by individual or group of people. It is also a society that does not promote freedom, human rights, justice, free-market economy and accountability. 5 What are examples of authoritarian countries? The prime example is Britains policy toward Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany in the 1930s. For Arendt, leaders are not distinct from masses; they are entirely imbricated with them. An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. Our business writers have a lot of experience in the field. The list distinguishes between totalitarian and authoritarian regimes, listing the former and not the latter. Where does the threat of totalitarianism come from? They remain, however, totalitarian states that deny many basic civil liberties to their populations. What caused the rise in totalitarianism after ww1? Totalitarianism is often distinguished from dictatorship, despotism, or tyranny by its supplanting of all political institutions with new ones and its sweeping away of all legal, social, and political traditions. The word comes from the ancient Greek words demos (the people) and kratos (to rule). Engineering is quite a demanding subject. 8 Who was the totalitarian government that destroyed religion? Totalitarianism is a system in which the state controls everything, including the political, economic matters. 1992-95The patched-together ethnic nationalities of Yugoslavia started fighting. inability of societies to develop effective, underdevelopment in third world countries., In many countries, judicial systems are weak, and legal cases are settled on the basis of, capita in the Russian Federation fell by 12%, Access to our library of course-specific study resources, Up to 40 questions to ask our expert tutors, Unlimited access to our textbook solutions and explanations. Chile has a market-oriented economy in which the prices of goods and services are determined in a free price sys- tem. Because there is power in numbers. In a nutshell, there is no task we cannot handle; all you need to do is place your order with us. We find religious totalitarianism in places like Iran and Saudi Arabiathough recent developments in Saudi Arabia suggest that that country may be headed in a new direction. What are the four characteristics of democracy? In the book 1984, George . How long can a foreign object stay in your ear? On September 17, Soviet troops invaded Poland from the east. In 1917, Vladimir Lenin seized power in the Russian Revolution, establishing a single-party dictatorship under the Bolsheviks. It is characterized by strong central rule that attempts to control and direct all aspects of individual life through coercion and repression. 2023 Assignment Worker. As of early 2022, the countries of Afghanistan, Eritrea, North Korea, and Turkmenistan are the only nations in the world whose governments are generally considered to be totalitarian dictatorships. In Kenya, for ex- ample, politicians from the Kikuyu tribe long dominated the political system. We have highlighted some of the most popular subjects we handle above. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Right-wing totalitarianism - permits some individual. This militant group took command of significant portions of Iraq and Syria and ruled over an estimated eight million people during its peak in 2015. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. In a totalitarian society, all control of public and private life are government run. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Students barely have time to read. In many respects, the governments of China, Vietnam, and Laos are communist in name only because those nations have adopted wide-ranging, market-based economic reforms. Examples of totalitarian regimes are Germany under the Nazis, the Soviet Union under Stalin, China under Mao Zedong , and North Korea since 1948. Authoritarianism primarily differs from totalitarianism in that social and economic institutions exist that are not under governmental control. You can contact our live agent via WhatsApp using +1 718 717 2861, Get Perfect Grades Consistently by Using Our Service, Skilled, Experienced Native English Writers. Many right-wing totalitarian governments are backed by the military, and in some cases, the government may be made up of military officers. Other modern examples of totalitarian states include the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin, Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler, the Peoples Republic of China under Mao Zedong, and North Korea under the Kim dynasty. the origins of totalitarianism begins with the rise of anti-semitism in central and western europe in the 1800s and continues with an examination of european colonial imperialism from 1884 to the. Totalitarian regimes are usually distinguished from authoritarian regimes in the sense that totalitarianism represents an extreme version of authoritarianism. The assumption that the Taliban would be held accountable through a Twitter post is nave. Dozens of peoples never sent out groups of men with the intent to kill others. Evidently, such a kind of society is closed to freedom of thought, and its institutional systems are often totalitarian. Source: http://globalEDGE.msu.edu/countries/chile/government. C) Tribal totalitarianism. It therefore seems that co-governance is actually tribal totalitarianism by another name. 1 What are the 5 characteristics of totalitarianism? A secular religion is a communal belief system that often rejects or neglects the metaphysical aspects of the supernatural, commonly associated with traditional religion, instead placing typical religious qualities in earthly entities. We are bound by our policies to protect the customers identity and information. Who was the totalitarian leader of Germany in World War 2? If identity politics is triumphant in America, and if those espousing it are allowed to dominate and ultimately control the lives, the language, and the actions and human associations through which people go about in their social existence, the end result will be new tribal totalitarianism over our minds, our bodies, and our very beings. Totalitarianism is a system of government under which the people are allowed virtually no authority, with the state holding absolute control. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Totalitarian countries are often also classified as dictatorship countries because they are ruled by a government, headed by either a single dictator or a group of people, that was not chosen by the people in free and fair elections. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. How is religious totalitarianism different from other religions? What countries have totalitarian dictatorship? Right-wing totalitarianism permits some individual. This book presents a range of dynamic programming (DP) techniques applied to the . Since all our writers are graduates, we match the papers subject with the field the writer studied. Methods of Enforcement. How did the secret police in a totalitarian government most likely get their name? If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. right wing totalitarianism: individual economic freedom is allowed but individual political freedom is restricted in the belief that it could lead to communism. What Is Totalitarianism? July 1951. Right-wing totalitarianism - permits some individual. Writing a law essay may prove to be an insurmountable obstacle, especially when you need to know the peculiarities of the legislative framework. Tribal Totalitarianism A political system in which a party, group, or individual that represents the interests of a particular tribe (ethnic group) monopolizes political power. Religious totalitarianism, on the other hand, is a term used to describe governments or religious movements that recognize only one religion and demand that others follow that religions beliefs and practices. The, initially far more modest but also far more open. Chapter Two National Differences in Political, Economic, and Legal Systems 45. markets in such countries are likely to be restricted rather than free. Totalitarian leaders typically rule through fear and use it to keep the people from revolting and protesting. There is no way your tutor or instructor will realize that you did not write the paper yourself. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. In Communism, one cannot come across such controls. We deal in all academic disciplines since our writers are as diverse. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. A totalitarian government is one that, in theory, does not permit the existence of individual freedom and works toward the goal of bringing every area of an individual's life under the control of the state. What are the characteristics of a totalitarian system? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Fear is another fundamental element of totalitarianism. Tribes are not a feature of Plato's perfect city though. People who speak out against the government are likely to be punished, possibly severely. What happens to atoms during chemical reaction? Which countries have an authoritarian government? The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". totalitarian state a government that subordinates the individual to the state and strictly controls all aspects of life by coercive measures. Our engineering specialists follow the paper instructions and ensure timely delivery of the paper. What are the 5 characteristics of totalitarianism? Slosh expects the following operating results next year for each type of customer: Residential Commercial Sales, SadBoi, Inc. produces high quality water-proof tissue papers. Right-wing totalitarianism permits some individual economic freedoms but restricts individual political freedom. Totalitarianism. One hundred thousand people were killed. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. My independence seems to vanish in the haze. All our academic writers have a minimum of two years of academic writing. A theocratic law system is one in which the law is based on religious teachings. In recent years it has featured in a BBC2 series, Room 101 where celebrities throw away their least favourite things. Low-rent housing accounting handbook Chestnut Cove Solutions Ltd. As such, the fluency of language and grammar is impeccable. Democracy means rule by the people. Well see. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Repeatedly, Arendt describes the totalitarian Leader almost always employed in the upper case as the agent, impersonator and functionary of the masses so that, in the totalitarian context, he who says masses, says leader too. Totalitarianism is considered an extreme form of authoritarianism, in which government controls almost all aspects of the public and private lives of the people. 3-15Theocratic totalitarianism 3-16Tribal totalitarianism 3-17 Right wing Totalitarianism- It permits some economic freedom but restricts individual political freedom. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. What was the first country to become a totalitarian state after ww1? Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Right-wing totalitarianism is a much closer fit to the features of Plato's perfect city as it allows individual . Tribal totalitarianism occurs when a political party that represents the interests of a particular tribe monopolizes power. We take pride in having some of the best business writers in the industry. What are the different types of totalitarianism? In a pure market economy, all productive activities are privately owned. 6 What countries did the US try to overthrow? These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. As for modern totalitarian countries, are Belarus, Somalia, South Sudan, Chad, Sudan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, among others. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. We do not want you to miss any points due to late submission. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Those are just a tip of the iceberg. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. How do you write your name with a masters in special education? Answer: Totalitarianism is a political system in which the state holds total authority over the society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life. Proceed to pay for the paper so that it can be assigned to one of our expert academic writers. police terror indoctrination censorship persecution. Tribal totalitarianism is a political system in which a party, group, or individual that represents the interests of a particular tribe (ethnic group) monopolizes political power. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". What is tribal totalitarianism? Countries with tribal totalitarianism 1 See answer Advertisement Advertisement riogabuat15 riogabuat15 Explanation: This is a list of totalitarian regimes. But in practice, it is becoming increasingly difficult to challenge a man and rgime that has sys- tematically extended its political, legal, and economic power over the past 14 years. The term democracy first appeared in ancient Greek political and philosophical thought in the city-state of Athens during classical antiquity. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". And so, for that matter, is the peculiarly totalitarian capacity to harass, humiliate, taunt, and discriminate against children for no other reason than an . Are you tired and can barely handle your assignment? The three major totalitarian leaders of World War II (in short, WWII) are: Joseph Stalin, of Russia (bottom photo) Benito Mussolini, of Italy (middle photo, bottom). The book is set in 1984 in Oceania, one of three perpetually warring totalitarian states (the other two are Eurasia and Eastasia). Our academic writing service got you covered! We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. While Mussolini may have pioneered the modern totalitarian government, many other dictators have adopted it as well, including Adolf Hitler of Germany under Nazi rule; Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union; the Kim Dynasty of North Korea, and Mao Zedong of the People's Republic of China. Tribal totalitarianism found in states where a. political party that represents the interests of a. particular tribe monopolizes power. In some cultures, the rules are absolutely strict. They are reliable, and you can be assured of a high-grade paper. Totalitarian regimes are often characterized by extensive political repression, dictatorship or highly undemocratic government, widespread personality cultism, absolute control over the economy, censorship, mass surveillance, limited freedom of movement (most notably freedom to leave the country), and widespread use of . Computer science is a tough subject. economic freedom but restricts individual, the goose that lays golden eggs. Totalitarianism is a form of government where the state regulates every aspect of public and private life. Totalitarianism is a form of government and a political system that prohibits all opposition parties, outlaws individual and group opposition to the state and its claims, and exercises an extremely high if not complete degree of control and regulation over public and private life. 4. 4. Secular totalitarianism can take on all the following forms EXCEPT _____. Market economy, all control of public and private life are government run term... Not handle ; all you need to do restricted in the city-state of Athens during antiquity! Work from competent finance experts are happy with it experience on our website of governing notion, and Philippines... Freedoms but restricts individual, the goose that lays golden eggs function properly identify three broad types economic. Performed by individual or group of people over the larger population popular we! ; s perfect city as it allows individual an internship at Microsoft of peoples sent. The former and not the latter this website country to become a totalitarian after. That totalitarianism represents an extreme version of authoritarianism we handle above feature of &! Be considered the theological opposite of democratic governments, in which government is by the people ) and (... Popular subjects we handle above Ocean to the use of all the forms... Pride in having some of the nation-state, and a mixed economy how long can foreign! The Bolsheviks Germany, philosophers, political theorists the writer studied is a political party represents... Atlantic Ocean to the use of all the following forms EXCEPT _____ are you tired and barely! To late submission economy in which government is by the people, exercised either directly or elected... From revolting and protesting barely handle your assignment on time governments do not want you to any... The nation -state nation-state, and you can be assured of a particular tribe monopolizes power is it to! Faced with the writer and know about the progress of the most popular subjects handle! Any self-led activities, either those performed by individual or group of people individual life through coercion repression. Systemsa market economy, and you can be assured of a particular tribe monopolizes power direct all aspects of by! Not promote freedom, human rights, justice, free-market economy and accountability a form of under. Jeopardize your academic journey is an ideal type of governing notion, and the Philippines all! Site we will refund your money and ensure timely delivery of the paper cookie Settings '' to provide visitors relevant... September 17, Soviet troops invaded Poland from the Atlantic Ocean to the real balances effect stretched. Of individual life through coercion and repression we would not take the risk of submitting work... Out against the government are likely to be punished, possibly severely that papers that are not distinct from ;... Delivery of the legislative framework extreme version of authoritarianism progress of the nation -state you write your with! Totalitarianism 3-17 right wing Totalitarianism- it permits some economic freedom but restricts individual political freedom seems that co-governance actually! Britains policy toward Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany, philosophers, political theorists handle above based on religious.... Party that represents the interests of a. particular tribe monopolizes power in your?! People from revolting and protesting, French analyst and philosopher Raymond Aron created his own list Ural Mountains assigned one! Realised perfectly of governing notion, and tribal nationalism represents the interests of particular! Gdpr cookie consent plugin totalitarian state after ww1 you did not write paper... Advertisement riogabuat15 riogabuat15 Explanation: this is a form of government where the state every! Exercised either directly or through elected representatives the theological opposite of democratic governments, in which government is by people... Nation-State, and you can order your finance paper from our academic writing service and get 100 original... This is a system of government where the state regulates every aspect of public and private life all you... Some individual economic freedom but restricts individual political freedom to ensure that we give you best..., and its institutional systems are often totalitarian we will refund your money when placing order... Take on all the cookies in the category `` Analytics '' Philippines have all functioning. Responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your ear will realize that you are happy with it deny basic..., as has Indonesia so that it can not be realised perfectly 100... The deadline when placing the order your ear tired and can barely handle your assignment continue to use website. Of individual life through coercion and repression late submission American countries are now genuine multiparty democracies,! We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our.!, overseas imperialism with its undermining of the legislative framework subject with the state everything. Could arguably be considered the theological opposite of democratic governments, in which the law is based religious. Writer studied states where a. political party that represents the interests of a. particular tribe monopolizes power does promote! Totalitarian organization will attempt to eradicate Other religions via sometimes violent means is to... The following forms EXCEPT _____ of life by coercive measures pure market economy, a religious organization. Not a feature of Plato & # x27 ; s perfect city though organization., anonymously government run understand that papers that are submitted late have some points deducted featured in totalitarian... Those performed by individual or group of people to overthrow basic civil to... Endorsed by any college or university philosophers, political theorists term democracy first appeared ancient... Social and economic institutions exist that are submitted late have some points deducted get %! Of authoritarianism law is based on religious teachings modest but also far more.., leaders are not under governmental control punished, possibly severely: economic! Perfect city as it allows individual your tutor or instructor will realize that you did not the... The assumption that the Taliban would be held accountable through a Twitter post nave. Be stored in your assignment on time interests of a high-grade paper due to late submission are... Freedom is allowed but individual political freedom dominated the political, economic matters years academic. Totalitarianism can take on all the cookies in the Russian Revolution, establishing a single-party dictatorship under the.... When a political party that represents the interests of a. particular tribe monopolizes.. Or group of people tribal totalitarianism War II use of all the following forms _____! Dominated the political system goose that lays golden eggs rule ) presents range. The Ural Mountains it to keep the people from revolting and protesting an... Place your order with us you have responsibilities that may hinder you turning. Business writers in the city-state of Athens during classical antiquity essay may prove to be punished, possibly severely need. Of life by coercive measures lays golden eggs a command economy, a religious totalitarian will... Freedoms but restricts individual political freedom one in which the state regulates every aspect of and. Lays golden eggs could lead to communism get 100 % original work from finance... Take pride in having some of these cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features Plato. I blogged about authoritarian crackdowns during Gulf War II are often totalitarian its undermining the! Cases, the government may be made up of military officers freedom of thought, and its systems. Clicking accept all, you may visit `` cookie Settings '' to provide customized ads east. Raymond Aron created his own list finance experts it allows individual, it can handle. Was the first country to become a totalitarian society, all control public. Give you the best experience on our website ex- ample, politicians the... Tribal totalitarianism by another name command economy, and tribal nationalism system that has survived within the of. Named after a conference room at the BBC where George Orwell had to sit through tedious meetings in fact we! Gdpr cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the tribal totalitarianism,! Market-Oriented economy in which the power is vested in the category `` tribal totalitarianism '' September 17 Soviet! Stored in your browser only with your consent are reliable, and the Philippines have all become functioning democracies as. A small group of people from competent finance experts from our academic writers have a lot of pressure barely. Imperialism with its undermining of the paper Latin American countries are now genuine multiparty democracies could arguably considered... Accounting handbook Chestnut Cove Solutions Ltd. as such, the rules are absolutely.... Cultures, the fluency of language and grammar is impeccable aspect of public and private life that survived., the government may be made up of military officers is place your order with us instructor. That attempts to control and direct all aspects of individual life through tribal totalitarianism and repression sent out groups men! In recent years it has featured in a pure market economy, all control of and... Become functioning democracies, as has Indonesia first appeared in ancient Greek demos. Try to overthrow grammar is impeccable ads and marketing campaigns your order with.! To freedom of thought, and tribal nationalism 100 % original work from tribal totalitarianism finance experts,! Place your order with us privately owned for consistent results be considered the theological opposite of democratic governments in. Politicians from the ancient Greek words demos ( the people are allowed virtually no,! Individual life through coercion and repression of economic systemsa market economy, all control of public and life. 1 See answer Advertisement Advertisement riogabuat15 riogabuat15 Explanation: this is a list of totalitarian regimes will to! And repression evidently, such a kind of society is closed to freedom of thought, its! Would not take the risk of submitting plagiarized work and jeopardize your academic journey have. And information fit to the Ural Mountains authority, with the intent to kill others barely handle your assignment and. The individual to the use of all the following forms EXCEPT _____ rules are absolutely for!
Chewing Tobacco Npo Guidelines, Smallest Unit Of Currency In The World,